Roughing it smoothly, right……

The second edition of my book is out.  Your RV is Broken is here on Amazon.

Roughing it smoothly.  Smoothly roughing it.  Wearing down the rough edges.  Designing (I won’t call it engineering) every day RVs, right to the rough edge…..

I saw a post in Facebook from someone with a similar melted fuse.  I responded with a comment and pointer to this upgrade/repair in facebook and found several other people that found themselves in the same “boat”.  A couple had the “melted” 400 amp fuse and the melted inverter switch.  One had his panel actually catch fire.  Fortunately, he was outside and saw it in time to get a fire extinquisher on it till the fire dept showed up.  His Insurance company fire investigator pointed to the inverter switch.  I had wondered if this problem was “just me” or because I upgraded my inverter (though all the parts claimed to be rated to be able to handle the load).  Now I see others are having the same problem with unmodified systems.  Spyder (not Lippert as I initially thought) SHOULD have some explaining to do as they are the source for these DC power panels.  

Back of power panel
Inverter switch at top. Three fuses below. Bus bar from right fuse to inverter has been removed in this picture
Back of DC power panel
This shows the “jumper cable” connected right to the inverter switch (separate 400 amp fuse not shown here).

After posting this, and someone people wondering about their own RVs with this panel, I thought I should provide some pointers on how people can check for trouble and/or have their checked for proper connections. One way to check your panel would be to first make sure you are putting some current through the inverter switch.  Either be charging your batteries from a partially discharged state via generator/camp plugin or by drawing a significant load from your inverter that is using batteries (no generator or camp plugin).  If you are pushing lots of current through your battery wiring or a distribution panel such as this, and there is a poor connection heat will be the result.  Get a temperature gun and first take a temperature down in the lower right corner to get a reference.  Then measure the transfer switch and the area beneath the switch (Inverter fuse in this panel right below the left side of switch).  If the temperature is more than a couple of degrees warmer, you might have a resistive connection.  If it is 20, 30, 40 degrees warmer you have a serious problem.  This test has general applications too beyond just this RV. Start with your battery connections and measure the temperature of each and every one.  Then follow cables as much as possible to switches and other high current components.  None of them should be significantly warmer than the ambient temperature.  If you find a hot spot and aren’t comfortable working with high current components then hire someone to check.  The torque specs are on the back of this panel.  If you remove this panel without disconnecting the battery be extra careful. The panel is mounted in a steel frame and the main bus is very close to that frame.  Its best to disconnect first.

If you are the techie type, this might be your excuse to get an infrared camera.  But seriously, every RV should have a temperature gun.  For this purpose, checking brakes, looking for air leaks, checking AC output, refrigerator and freezer temperatures, checking the asphalt temperature in Death Valley, hot springs in Yellowstone and on and on.

DC power panel
DC power panel
Facebook bad switch
From Facebook, another’s melted switch.
Burned up panel
From Facebook: another owner’s burned up Power Panel.

The story:  I just completed a major upgrade on my Tiffen Open Road 32SA.  I’ll call it an upgrade, not a repair, because in one way, having to go down this road is the result of other work I’ve done.

Let’s go back to the beginning.  We picked up our motorhome, November 2018.  Headed right for Red Bay for some repair work.

Then headed out west.  We ended up in Quartzite for what turned out to be a couple of months – including for the big tent sale.  We had been experiencing some low voltage warnings on our 2000W MagnaSine inverter.  We had to be careful what appliances we were running, or we’d end up resetting the MagnaSine.  We went to the big tent show and found a good sale price on four 100 amp-hour BattleBorn lithium batteries.  We swapped four of them in and they helped.  Certainly, let us run the generator for shorter periods of time.  I sold the lead acid batteries for about half price which made me and the buyer happy.

Solar and InverterEventually, we upgraded the 2k MagnaSine to a 3k Victron Multiplus along with 800 watts of solar.  Now we were cooking with electrons.  And we were, often using an air fryer, a cook pot or induction cook top.  We hate the propane stove that came with the RV.  Till one day when the inverter just quit.

Burnt Fuse and busbar
Burnt Fuse and busbar

I pulled out a meter and followed the zero volts path back to find the big red inverter power switch had failed – and traced that to a fuse that heated up the power bus so hot it melted the back of the inverter switch.  The fuse never blew, it just got hot.  There is a long post on this fiasco here.

I bypassed the errant fuse with a short cable and in-line fuse and the next time we were near Red Bay, we had them replace the entire distribution panel.  This panel has three of those one-inch square fuses and four pushbutton circuit breakers AND a solenoid to connect the chassis and house batteries when driving.  The four breakers are held in place with one screw with the other side poking out through the panel.  A heavy wire hangs off each one – with no strain relief.  The tech and Red Bay broke one of these breakers re-installing the panel.  This is a terrible design.  I believe those breakers are designed to be held in place on three if not four sides.

Deja Vu

Fragile breakers
Fragile breakers

So, back on the road and a few months later:  same thing.  The inverter switch burns up.

Fuse holder with burnt insulation
Fuse holder with burnt insulation

We were on a 30 amp campsite.  Normally, I tell the Victron inverter to not allow more than 15 amps through and it supplements any more draw than that from the battery.  But I forgot to his time.  We had three appliances running, plus the air conditioner and popped the campground 30 amp breaker.  The Victron says “I”ve got this, hold my beer!”.  The Victron will actually provide up to 5600 watts for a short period of time.  In this case it was somewhere around 30 seconds before the inverter switch gave up the ghost, again.  This time I had all the parts, so quickly bypassed the failed components, again.

Engineering Dreams

All of the Tiffin/Syder supplied parts are rated to carry that load – but obviously, they really aren’t.  At no time did I ever blow the 400 amp fuses, either of them. So, I started dreaming about a new distribution system, built out of discrete components.  I gathered parts and we looked for a window when we could actually make it happen.  I had to be really sure of my design and parts because getting in the middle of nowhere and quitting wasn’t an option because no DC power means no Spyder controls, no inverter, no air conditioning etc.

Today turned out to be the day.  I laid out the whole system on a pair of boards that I had planned to install on the bottom of the battery bay and the front wall.

New distribution
New distribution

I made all the cables custom for the layout.  But a last-minute discussion with my wife led to the decision to skip the wood.  So, everything was mounted right to the storage bin wall: sheet metal – probably safer.  A lot harder, but I could use the same layout and all the cables were ready to go.

By using discrete components, I can measure temperatures to monitor how things are working and replace any part or connection that fails relatively easily.  On my someday list are more lithium batteries and more solar and this is a design I can be confident will stand up to the punishment and I won’t have to wait in line for parts from Tiffin or Spyder.

DC components w/labels
DC components w/labels

To the left is the new distribution system with labels for all the components.  On the

Power diagram 32SA
Power diagram 32SA

right is a partial block diagram of the power distribution in the 32SA.  The green boxes are AC breakers in the bedroom.  As usual, clicking on any image will bring up a new window with a larger version.

Slides are no fun!


2019 Tiffin 32SA Class A Gas — By the way, the second edition of my book, Your RV is Broken,  is available now on Amazon!

Despite what you might read below, we are still quite happy with this RV.  As I told someone the other day, 98% of this RV is good, but the 2% will sometimes really piss me off.

The Problem

So, we needed to move from one spot to another in this same campground.  So we packed things up, moved and when we

Thats all the slide would move!
Thats all the slide would move!

went to put the slides back out.  The rear slide (passenger side, bedroom) went out a foot or so – and stopped with the rear (left from outside) dragging.  We looked underneath the bed – nothing in the way.  We pulled it back in, then out – it stopped even shorter.  Tried again – stopped only a couple of inches out.  Rule one – if the slide stops part way out – don’t bring it back in.  This is a Schwintek slide, by Lippert.  The motors and mechanism are reached from OUTSIDE. If you can’t get the slide open at least part way, you can’t get to anything.  I tried sitting on the floor and pushing with both legs while Deb held the extend button – nothing.  We were screwed.

The slide has a central storage area under the bed, but also another area on each side on the head side of the bed. It has a

Jurry Rigged manual slide extender.
Jurry Rigged manual slide extender.

heavy piece of plywood, covered with carpet.  There is also a small storage cabinet, but I didn’t want to push on that because it didn’t look that sturdy. I got the scissor jack out of the F150 and a handful of 2×6’s and other boards.  One went from the jack to the slide floor and the others went to a stack of boards across the front of the cabinet on the driver’s side.  I tried to spread the force out as much as possible.  Then I turned the jack screw by hand, and eventually a small crescent wrench.  That forced the slide out enough that I could see the lower bearing block behind the rubber seal.  It was twisted and the guide was

Lower Bearing Block Wedged
Lower Bearing Block Wedged

sticking out of the guide slot. Not good.  I got a small piece of scrap oak and a hammer and knocked the bearing block back into position.  From there I was able to jack the slide farther out.  Note: when I started using the jack, I measured the distance and could see that the slide was moving.  If you are using a jack and the slide doesn’t move – if you keep jacking, something WILL break.  An alternative, if you have it out enough is to take all the screws out of the column (extruded frame that covers the parts) and then move the slide out.  Be careful of the motor wire and connector.

A bit of relevant history:

After we picked this RV up, late November of 2018, while we were packing for our first trip, we noticed light coming in under the back wall.  What?  We had planned to head south for the winter, so our plans were quickly changed to make Red Bay our first major stop.  Since they were going to be shut down over the holiday break, we timed our departure so we could be in their lot just before New Year’s to get in line when everyone came back after the first.  The techs at Red Bay said the wall was “bolted down, not a mechanical issue” and they sprayed the crack from outside and said “all was well”.  We had a few other things, like really crooked drawers and a mirror issue, but most everything was taken care of in an afternoon.

Before the next winter trip down, we noticed the seals not touching on the rear side of the slide (left when outside facing the slide).  Red bay techs moved the seal over so it touched the slide.  We also had them replace the DC power panel next to the batteries that had melted on an earlier trip.

I’m not going to try to give a detailed itinerary of all the things I did to learn about Schwintek slides, just the useful portions.  I spent a dozen or so hours over three days looking, measuring, reading Lippert install manuals.

One of the first things I noticed was that the left column was mounted WAY too far from the slide at the bottom(nearly an inch farther out than the top – way out of

Previous and correct position of the column
Previous and correct position of the column

Lippert spec).  After lots of looking and measuring – I got a square and put it against the inside of the back wall – and the wall was anything but square.  The bottom was pushed out compared to the top.  5/16 over 1 foot.

Square held against back wall - 11/32 gap for 1 FT square
Square held against back wall

Funny, the bottom of the rear (left) slide column was also shifted to the rear to match the end of the wall.  (they used the crooked wall as a guide to cut the slide opening!)  Not funny.  I presumed this was the problem and proceeded with a solution to move the column to the correct position.  Since the wall was tilted toward the rear at the bottom, there was nothing but air behind the column once it was in the proper position.  I got a piece of 1.5 inch 1/8th steel stock, cut it to two feet and beveled off the top edge and screwed it to the frame.  Then I positioned the column over that and drilled holes, tapped them and mounted the column to the stock.  Very solid.  Still didn’t work.

After figuring out how to disconnect the stepper motor and disassemble and remove the rest of the mechanism, I discovered what I feared – the lower bearing block (part that holds the gear and fits into the gear track) was damaged.  It has a plastic guide on it (called a shoe) – which was broken, part missing and the metal was damaged from being forced out of the track.  Time to wait for parts.  (Stepper motor details below).

But it gets better.  With the lower bearing block removed, I tried to reinstall the column to fill in the open space while I ordered parts – and the screw holes were off by over 1/8th of an inch.  By prying up on the bottom of the column (and lifting the slide) I was able to get the screws installed.  The plastic on the lower bearing block was quite worn.  This means both the lower and the upper bearing blocks were exerting upward pressure on the slide.  Yet another problem.  Schwintek slide parts are not supposed to bear any weight – just push the slide in and out.  All the weight is supposed to rest on the slide rollers under the slide.  But not even this was all.  When the slide parts are originally installed, the whole side kit is assembled and the lower track screwed to the bottom of the slide, then the top track is screwed into position as determined by the slide column (the extruded aluminum part that bolts the the RV side).  There are guides in it that determine where the bearing blocks go and thus where the tracks go.  I screwed in the top track first and went to screw the bottom track and – nope, didn’t fit where the holes were.  The guides wanted the tracks farther apart.  I didn’t want to redril the dozen holes that held the top track in place and the bottom track position  is determined by the bottom of the slide.  So, in frustration I moved the lower guides up to match the track position as they are pop riveted in place and only needed to be drilled, a bit of dremeling and reinstalled).

As for the outside wall being crooked:  I got a 1 1/4 by 1/8 piece of steel and tapered off the top end.  Then drilled holes and screwed it into the wall.  Then I drilled and tapped holes where the column overlapped.  It seems pretty sturdy.  I just hate having to go all shade-tree on an expensive RV.  If you have to work on a Lippert Schwintek slide, do find the installation manual on LCI1.com and read every bit of it.

So, to recap:

1.   Rear wall not installed square to the floor at the factory. Factory Fail.

2.   Slide column installed to match the rear wall, not the slide, making the lower column tolerance way out of Lipper spec. This was done because the slide hole was also cut to match the rear wall, so there wasn’t enough material (frame) to mount the column in the correct place.  Factory Fail.

3.    The slide mechanism was carrying some of the weight of the slide. Factory Fail.  Tracks were installed incorrectly putting more pressure on the blocks.

All these things are factory defects.  Yes, I’m out of warranty, but Tiffin used to have a reputation of taking responsibility for their problems.

Now I need to look at the other side of the slide and see if it is weight bearing too.

At the very least, I need a bearing block kit (block and shoe).  I would like to replace the lower track.  Ideally, I would replace the left column as well as it has several sets of holes in it from mounting in different positions.  I’ll upate this when I get parts and put this all back together.  Meanwhile, below are some details on the Stepping motor and other parts.

I’m sure a qualified RV mobil tech would not have taken as many hours as I did to “learn” this slide’s mechanics, but there is no doubt in my mind that he/she would come to the same conclusion and we’d be waiting on parts and I’d have a bill for several hours of work.  I did consult an RV tech, and he gets thanks for letting me discuss the situation, but being on the other end of a text session is somewhat limiting.  I “should” be able to understand and repair a slide mechanism – it just takes me longer than a fully trained tech would.

Update 20210504 – Yesterday Lippert answered my email with a part number and phone number to call and order.  The parts, including second day air came to $90.  However, those parts are “make on demand”, so 7 to 10 days to ship.  Tiffin answered my email today – they don’t carry parts, only the whole mechanism, which they didn’t offer to send to me, thus were no help.  Not so much like Tiffin used to be – whether it be Covid or Thor, it doesn’t bode well.

Update 20210515 – Received a box from Lippert – right size.  I opened it and found this inside……..  And a packing list that was

Not Bearing blocks1
Not Bearing blocks!

for someone else.  Apparently when slapping shipping labels on, someone mixed up the boxes and mine ended up who knows where.  I called Lippert, emailed and a second call and they promised to rush make another set of parts and ship them out the same way as my original order.  So now we are waiting for parts again.  

Update 20200520 – AAAAAHHHHHHHHHRRRRGGGGHHHHHH!!!!!!!!  I got the box with the bearing blocks today.  Look like the correct parts.  But no shoes….  the shoes are the plastic parts that go between the bearing block and the slide gear track.  They are absolutely necessary.  No one would be replacing the blocks without the shoes.  In my original conversation with Customer Service on the phone, I asked and was told “The shoes would come with the blocks.”  No mistake about that because the shoes on my blocks were in pieces so I wanted to make sure they came.  No shoes.  I called and was told that the shoes don’t come with the blocks.  What? They come in a separate kit that costs $165.  I just paid $90 for the complicated metal blocks plus shipping, now I have to shell out $165 for some plastic and a couple of wheels?  I had no choice at that point, but to order the parts (after I looked at pictures on the web site to make sure they looked right so I hung up, then called back).  Another 5-7 days I was told during the first call.  On the call back – I was told there might be one in stock so it might ship sooner….  So another 2 or 3 days, or maybe as many as 10 and I’ll finally have all the parts I need so I can fix the slide so we are in a condition were we could move.  The first contact with Lippert was 5/1.  Today is 5/20.  Maybe I’ll have it fixed by June.

Final update.  It seems Lippert had a set of parts in stock because they did come fairly quickly.  Since I was worried about how fast they’d come, I wrote back to the original customer service email to ask them to hurry this order up.  They did, sort of – and shipped me another set of bearing blocks, which I did return along with the “not bearing block”.  I wrote to Tiffin and they agreed to pay for the parts if I submit the paperwork, which I did, and expect to receive a check (I did).  So, this was a learning experience.  In the end, Lippert was reasonably helpful, though I’ll never understand the “we don’t always keep those in stock” thing.  Tiffin does stand behind their mistakes – and they got off easy because if I had had to use a mobile tech or dealer, it would have been very expensive.

Schwintek slides use two stepper motors, mounted up above, on either side of the slide accessible only from the outside.

Business end
Business end

There are many variations on this on older RVs but this is the only style I have experience with.  What is a stepper motor?  Most DC motors just spin when you apply power.  One direction only unless you switch the power leads.  A stepper motor, moves a fixed rotation step each time a power pulse is sent down a pair of wires.  There are three pairs of wires and by pulsing them, in sequence, the motor steps around.  The controller thus can send pulses to both motors and in theory, they move at the same speed and move each side of the slide the same.  In theory.  If one side has a much bigger load on it, it will slow down, miss some steps and they will get “out of sync”.  The controller monitors the load the motor is under and stops driving it if the current gets too high – which is how the controller “knows” when the slide is all the way in or out.  There is a “manual override” in the controller.  It isn’t really an override.  The procedure is usually printed on the controller (mounted somewhere inside storage or a cabinet, under a seat cushion – somewhere.  On mine, the procedure is to press and release the button 6 times, hold on the 7th until the lights blink.  All this really does is encourage the controller to move the motors, not necessarily synced up.  With our problem being a physical lock up – manual override of course did nothing for us.  Press the button again to exit manual mode.  Resync the slide according to instructions.

The motor sits high up, behind the white column.  There is a single screw that holds it down onto the upper bearing block.

motor lock screw
Motor lock screw

In that block is an adapter that connects the flat keyed motor shaft to the hex shaft that drives the upper and lower gears.  You take out that screw, lift up the motor out of the block and it is disconnected. To remove it, you need to pull the column out, disconnect the motor connector and pull the motor up and out.  Putting it back in is tricky as you must not only like up the flat key on the shaft but set the motor down into the upper bearing block with the four pins on the motor. Once the motor is disconnected, the bearing blocks and shaft should move freely.  When reassembling, it is imperative to make sure the bearing blocks are all in the same position – measure from the block to the outside slide edge.  You might have to lift the shaft out of the lower block, rotate the gear and/or move the block to get everything to line up and be the same distance.  Also – the only way to actually remove the bearing block from the track is to remove the track from the slide.  Fun? no!  

 

Lower Bearing block with shaft from above.
Lower Bearing block with shaft from above.
gear
Gear
Bearing Block removed
Bearing Block removed
Lower Bearing Block Wedged
Lower Bearing Block Wedged